The aim of this module is to provide an understanding of the building’s design principles and approach so that it can achieve the best possible energy performance, whilst it ensures high indoor environmental quality standards. This includes the integration of architectural design principles, of HVAC systems, if automation and controls, but also of the adaptation of the building to the local climate, topology and operational and habitual conditions. Furthermore, the aspects of energy renovation and rehabilitation are particularly important, as the management of the existing building stock becomes a dominant issue.